Battle of Hampton Road in the American Civil War

The Battle of Hampton Roads was fought March 8-9, 1862, and was part of the American Civil War (1861-1865). One of the most famous naval battles of the conflict, the engagement is noteworthy as it marked the first time two armored, ironclad warships met in combat. Emerging from Norfolk on March 8, CSS Virginia inflicted heavy losses on the wooden warships of the Union squadron in Hampton Roads. That night, the Union ironclad USS Monitor arrived on the scene. The next day, the two ships met in battle and after several hours of fighting were unable to inflict significant damage on each other. After Virginia withdrew, a stalemate ensued in the waters around Hampton Roads. The clash between the ironclads marked a turning point in naval history and signaled the demise of wooden navies. Background Following the outbreak of the Civil War in April 1860, Confederate forces seized the Norfolk Navy Yard from the US Navy. Prior to evacuating, the Navy burned several ships in the yard including the relatively new steam frigate USS Merrimack. Commissioned in 1856, Merrimack only burned to the waterline and most of its machinery remained intact. With the Union blockade of the Confederacy tightening, Confederate Secretary of the Navy Stephen Mallory began searching for ways in which his small force could challenge the enemy. Ironclads One avenue that Mallory elected to follow was the development of ironclad, armored warships. The first of these, the French La Gloire and British HMS Warrior, had appeared in the last year. Consulting John M. Brooke, John L. Porter, and William P. Williamson, Mallory began pushing the ironclad program forward but found that the South lacked the industrial capacity to build the needed steam engines in a timely manner. Upon learning this, Williamson suggested using the engines and remains of the former Merrimack. Porter soon submitted revised plans to Mallory that based the new ship around Merrimacks powerplant. CSS Virginia under construction. US Naval History and Heritage Command Approved on July 11, 1861, work soon began at Norfolk on the casemate ironclad CSS Virginia. The interest in ironclad technology was also shared by the Union Navy which placed orders for three experimental ironclads in mid-1861. Key among these was inventor John Ericssons USS Monitor which mounted two guns in a revolving turret. Launched January 30, 1862, Monitor was commissioned in late February with Lieutenant John L. Worden in command. Aware of Confederate ironclad efforts at Norfolk, the new ship departed New York Navy Yard on March 6. Battle of Hampton Roads Conflict: American Civil War (1861-1865)Date: March 8-9, 1862Armies and Commanders:UnionFlag Officer Louis M. GoldsboroughLieutenant John L. Worden1 ironclad, 2 screw frigates, 2 frigates, 1 sloop of warConfederatesFlag Officer Franklin Buchanan1 ironclad, 3 gunboats, 2 tendersCasualties:Union: 261 killed and 108 woundedConfederate: 7 killed and 17 wounded CSS Virginia Strikes At Norfolk, work on Virginia continued and the ship was commissioned on February 17, 1862, with Flag Officer Franklin Buchanan in command. Armed with ten heavy guns, Virginia also featured a heavy iron ram on its bow. This was incorporated due to the designers belief that ironclads would be unable to harm each other with gunfire. A distinguished veteran of the US Navy, Buchanan was eager to test the ship and sailed on March 8 to attack Union warships in Hampton Roads despite the fact that workmen were still on board. The tenders CSS Raleigh and CSS Beaufort accompanied Buchanan. Steaming down the Elizabeth River, Virginia found five warships of Flag Officer Louis Goldsboroughs North Atlantic Blockading Squadron anchored in Hampton Roads near the protective guns of Fortress Monroe. Joined by three gunboats from the James River Squadron, Buchanan singled out the sloop of war USS Cumberland (24 guns) and charged forward. Though initially unsure what to make of the strange new ship, Union sailors aboard the frigate USS Congress (44) opened fire as Virginia passed. Returning fire, Buchanans guns inflicted significant damage on Congress. Death of Cumberland Engaging Cumberland, Virginia pounded the wooden ship as the Union shells bounced off its armor. After crossing Cumberlands bow and raking it with fire, Buchanan rammed it in an effort to save gunpowder. Piercing the Union ships side, part of Virginias ram detached as it was withdrawn. Sinking, Cumberlands crew gallantly fought the ship until the end. Next, Virginia turned its attention to Congress which had grounded in an attempt to close with the Confederate ironclad. Joined by his gunboats, Buchanan engaged the frigate from a distance and compelled it to strike its colors after an hour of fighting. CSS Virginia rams and sinks USS Cumberland, 1962. Library of Congress The First Day Ends Ordering his tenders forward to receive the ships surrender, Buchanan was angered when Union troops ashore, not understanding the situation, opened fire. Returning fire from Virginias deck with a carbine, he was wounded in the thigh by a Union bullet. In retaliation, Buchanan ordered Congress be shelled with incendiary hot shot. Catching on fire, Congress burned throughout the rest of the day exploded that night. Pressing his attack, Buchanan attempted to move against the steam frigate USS Minnesota (50), but was unable to inflict any damage as the Union ship fled into shallow water and ran aground. Withdrawing due to darkness, Virginia had won a stunning victory, but had taken damage amounting to two guns disabled, its ram lost, several armored plates damaged, and its smoke stack riddled. USS Monitor, 1862. US Naval History and Heritage Command As temporary repairs were made during the night, command devolved to Lieutenant Catesby ap Roger Jones. In Hampton Roads, the situation of the Union fleet improved dramatically that night with the arrival of Monitor from New York. Taking a defensive position to protect Minnesota and the frigate USS St. Lawrence (44), the ironclad awaited Virginias return. Clash of the Ironclads Returning to Hampton Roads in the morning, Jones anticipated an easy victory and initially ignored the strange-looking Monitor. Moving to engage, the two ships soon opened the first battle between ironclad warships. Pounding each other for over four hours, neither was able to inflict significant damage on the other. Though Monitors heavier guns were able to crack Virginias armor, the Confederates scored a hit on their adversarys pilot house temporarily blinding Worden. Taking command, Lieutenant Samuel D. Greene drew the ship away, leading Jones to believe that he had won. Unable to reach Minnesota, and with his ship damaged, Jones began moving towards Norfolk. At this time, Monitor returned to the fight. Seeing Virginia retreating and with orders to protect Minnesota, Greene elected not to pursue. Aftermath The fighting at Hampton Roads cost the Union navy the loss of USS Cumberland and Congress, as well as 261 killed and 108 wounded. Confederate casualties were 7 killed and 17 wounded. Despite the heavier losses, Hampton Roads proved a strategic victory for the Union as the blockade remained intact. The battle itself signaled the demise of wooden warships and the rise of armored vessels built of iron and steel. Over the next several weeks a standoff ensued as Virginia attempted to engage Monitor on several occasions but was refused as Monitor was under presidential orders to avoid battle unless absolutely required. This was due to President Abraham Lincolns fear that the ship would be lost allowing Virginia to take control of the Chesapeake Bay. On May 11, after Union troops captured Norfolk, the Confederates burned Virginia to prevent its capture. Monitor was lost in a storm off Cape Hatteras on December 31, 1862.

Gaps And Issues And Challenges Of An Electronic Medical...

Introduction: In our society today, all healthcare institution must transition into having Electronic Medical Records (EMR). The institution that I currently work for is a hospital that has 591-bed and is a university-affiliated with New York University, which is one of the top University in New York (NYU Winthrop Hospital). We transitioned to a full EMR system last year, which was Soarian from Cerner (NYU Winthrop Hospital). We were introduced to Soarian Clinical and Soarian Financial. Soarian Clinical will serve as the program that healthcare providers use to chart patient information, Soarian Financial will serve as the program of choice for the administrative aspect and finances of the institution. The purpose of this research†¦show more content†¦In this study, she presented that 10% of nurses workday are wasted because of â€Å"operational failures†, which she described as the lack of supply of equipment’s and materials. Tackling how to solve this is sue is the next step, I believe we must first understand where each healthcare providers prefer to input data, look at different options in increasing computer access, then we will be able to determine the best course of action to take. Solution for Improvement: To formulate a solution to the gaps and the issues presented, we first must determine the tendency of healthcare providers with their use of computers. A study that was conducted to determine the relationship of the healthcare provider and the computer hardware device selection yielded great information. According to the study, â€Å"The majority (93.1%) of observed nursing tasks were conducted using generic COWs. Most nursing tasks were performed in patients’ rooms (57%) or in the corridors (36%), with a small percentage at a patient’s bedside (5%). Most nursing tasks related to the preparation and administration of drugs. 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Slavery Of North Americ Was Slavery An Underlying Cause Of...

Slavery in North America Slavery was in North America before the English Colonies even settled there. The Spanish brought Africans to North America to replace the Native Americans that they had killed with their diseases (Lecture 1). The question is: why did Africans get chosen to become slaves, and why was slavery an underlying cause of the Civil War? The answer to these question have to deal with the influence of: psychological limitations of whites, the second great awakening, and abolition. Blacks were simply different from whites in every way. Thomas Jefferson concluded himself that emancipation would be a difficult task, because â€Å"blacks were thus inferior to whites in body and mind† (Reiss, 13). Even â€Å"the color black had a†¦show more content†¦The South also believed that their slaves were better off than North’s immigrants. The reasoning being, slaves are an investment to the South, so they will be taken care of. While Northern immigrants can be easily replace. The immigrants also live in horrible environments that leave them vulnerable to sickness. The mentality of the South also consisted of not caring that the north didn’t like slavery, because they benefit from slavery as well. 60% of the economy was based on slave labor which in the South’s eyes makes it a necessary evil. Also, with this arrogance, the south decided it was okay to punish runaway or rebelling slaves. That is why when Nat Turner convinced other slaves to rebel against their masters, because God told him to, the South killed almost all who was involved. In order to set an example to other slaves about what would happen if they tried to rebel as well The South thought it was okay to do so since blacks weren’t real people. Again the arrogant thinking of the south thinking they’re more superior to others (including the north) is what they use to justify themselves (Lecture 9). The North, however, along with many religious grou ps felt that this treatment towards the slaves were not fair. The event that sparked this thought was The Second Great Awakening. The Second Great Awakening was a religious revival that happened in the

The Law Of Christian Worship - 2242 Words

women.† Not only does this demonstrate the necessity for the Vestals to remain in the temple to perform their duties, it demonstrates their elevated status within the republic. Their role as servants to a state cult was so crucial to social life that they were entrusted in the care of other Roman women – women whose service was always directed to the patriarchs of society. These Vestals were tended to, in a similar manner that was granted to the male populace, in their time of illness. It was common belief that the female entity was capable of giving care and service to those of higher status than themselves, though she was not an independent figure herself. Therefore, having married women tend to and care for them is telling of the†¦show more content†¦This tale suggests that, even beyond the world of the living, the Vestal priestesses were protecting and serving their goddess and condemning those that would do her harm. The legitimacy of this account is debatable, however the fact that it persisted for so long demonstrates the kind of impact the Vestals made on the Roman republic and her powers in popular imagination. Perhaps the reason that Vestal Virgins were bequeathed such tremendous privilege is because they were servants of a deity. Despite their status as females in the state, they were independent and revered as such because they provided a service to the empire by appealing to and providing for a major pagan goddess. Furthermore, these priestesses were perceived as no ordinary beings, since they were granted the divine grace, knowledge, and protection of Vesta. To the Roman population, these Vestals were in a league of their own, and as such they deserved high respect and privilege. There is also reason to believe they received these distinctions because of their role as mothers of Roman society. Evidence of their recognition as matriarchs of Rome can be traced back to the story detailing the creation of the state, which is recorded in Book One of The History of Rome by Livy. Rhea Silvia was the daughter of an early Roman king when the throne was usurped and the successor assassinated. The new king had â€Å"Rhea Silvia, his brother

Strategic Communication in Society Referring Management

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Communication in Society for Referring Management. Answer: Part 1 Public relations refers to a management function that maintains cordial relationship between organization and public. Public relations function includes community relations, public affairs, crisis and issue management, and media relations. Center and Jackson observe that positive public relations are attained by effective public relations. Public relations must generate benefit and understanding to public and organization. Relational concept is an essential change in public relations. Communication is a strategic tool to achieve organizational goals. The importance of communication rests on the impact they create. The relationship between an organization and public is integral and affects the social, economic, political or cultural well-being of each other. Individuals with public relations training are accredited the role of a technician. Organization public relationships cluster into professional, interpersonal, and community relationship types. Relationships thrive on expectations. Part 2 Strategic communication studies the mode of communication between organizations and individuals. Organizations influence behavior and opinions of the public. Strategic communicators manage communication programs and maintain stakeholders. Technology is both beneficial and dangerous for public communication. Public organization relationship evolves with time. Interpersonal relationship aims at maintaining successful relationships. Pure personal and genuine interpersonal influence form two types of public relations. Interpersonal communication dominates individuals so that they accept the position of public or organization. Mutual understanding, definition, or agreement is found in pure interpersonal influence. Public events or public affairs are not public communication strategies. Communication is a useful tool to build the public relationship.

Strategic Management of Bellamy Company-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Management of Bellamy Company. Answer: Introduction Bellamy is an organic food manufacturer which manufactures more than thirty products for children. Ownership A Tasmanian family founded the company in 2004 and was keen on providing healthy food to their children. Bellamy is certified by NASA and the baby food manufacturer produces and packages its products in Australia. History The share of the company is traded on Australian Stock Exchange. The company has remained the pioneer in the organic food manufacturing segment for babies. Business Scope Bellamy is more than a hundred-million-dollar company. The company's offshore business is a major source of revenue and the purpose of the company is to provide nutritious organic food to babies met with standards of Australian Food Authority Size The company has the license to sell its products in more than three thousand stores in Australia including Coles and Woolworths supermarket. Major Products of Bellamy The company manufactures wide variety of food products and its market can be segmented into the following categories Children who are newly born to six months old-For infants various food products are manufactured by Bellamy including Organic Infant Formula Step 1 which provides meets the guidelines of Australian Food authority. The company also manufactures solid foods for infants like cereals. For babies who are six months to more than a year old-Bellamy manufactures products like Organic Follow-on Formula Step 2 which provides the essential vitamins, amino acids and nutrients that will be required by a six months old baby who can no longer depend on breast-feeding as the only food supply. The company manufactures cereals, pasta and food that can be instantly served to babies. For children who are one years to more than three years old- The company provides toddlers organic food of highest quality like Organic Toddler Milk Drink Step 3 which is a specially devised formula made of organic cows milk and thirteen essential vitamins. This drink also provides iron, calcium, fat, inulin and other nutrients required for proper growth of children. Snacks and pasta are other products manufactured by Bellamy. Major Markets of Bellamy In the domestic market that is Australia the brand is positioned as a premium manufacturer of organic products. The company exports its organic food products in major South East Asian countries including China, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Hong Kong .The company has subsidiaries in Shanghai and Singapore to handle the marketing and distribution activities in South East Asia. The company has plans of expansion in the United States and the United Kingdom and New Zealand is also a dominant market of Bellamy. The macro environmental factors are the political, legal, socio-cultural, economical, environmental and technological factors of the external environment that should be analyzed by Bellamy for its sustainability, expansion and growth in Australia and international market. The external environment has several opportunities for a business and poses numerous threats to the business. Bellamy should analyze its macro environment to develop strategies and tactics for survival, market growth, product growth and market expansion (Kraak and Story 2015). Bellamy can utilize its internal strength to take leverage of opportunities of the external environment and the company can reduce the threats of external environment by minimizing its weakness. The PESTEL framework can used by Bellamy for the analysis of its external macro environment. ESTEL FRAMEWORK Political factors These factors include the policies of Government like minimum national wage, labor laws, government regulation related to taxes like corporate tax, value added tax, foreign trade policy, import and export regulations which will affect the business of Bellamy. The Australian Government has Free Trade Agreements with other countries and Bellamy can utilize this opportunity for market expansion in off shore countries like South East Asian. The Australian Government provides several grants like Export Market Development grants and Bellamy can make leverage of this support from Government for expansion in off-shore market. The Australian Government provides financial assistance by its export credit Agency Export Finance and Support and this factor can be utilized by Bellamy for its expansion in new markets for example, the United States and the United Kingdom(Ho 2014). Economic Australia is ranked number five in Index of Economic Freedom and the economic stability and transparent governmental policy of the country provides opportunity for Bellamy to sustain its business in the country. The quality of life in the country is high and people have high disposable income and purchasing power of consumers is high which can be an advantage for Bellamy. The ease of doing business in Australia is high with stable economic conditions. Socio-cultural factors The consumers of Australia are conscious about the health of their babies and children and organic food products are trendy among customers. The organic food products provide the necessary nutritional value to children and parents of Australia rely on the pioneer brand Bellamy while purchasing food for the children. The food products children consume during childhood are of prime importance for the physical and cognitive development of children and Bellamy has catered to this market need and positioned itself as a premium organic food brand. In 2008, melamine-tainted milk powder caused death of six infants in China and since then the consumers of the country has been conscious about the food products. This food scandal in china can be an opportunity for Bellamy for market expansion as the company can position itself as a safe brand providing the essential nutritional value to the children of China. Technological Factors Australia is ranked among the top OECD nations as the Australian Government provides financial assistance in the R D sector. The country provides numerous opportunities for Bellamy to invest in research and development of its organic food products which has special formula to provide the right nutrition to children. Also Australian government provides assistance to collaborate on digital platform with South East Asian countries for distribution and expansion which is an advantage for Bellamy (Armstrong et al. 2014). Chinas e-commerce market is more than a trillion with e-commerce giants like Alibaba. The country has made technological advancement in farming and digital technology is highly efficient in China. Bellamy can take leverage of this situation to expand its business in China. Environmental factors The environmental factors in Australia provide favorable conditions for Bellamy as the country has huge opportunities for agro-based companies. The country has demand for clean, green and safe products and Bellamy can take advantage of this opportunity for manufacturing its organic products. Products of organic farming is free from harmful chemicals and fertilizers and are rich in antioxidants and Australia is often considered one of the best countries to encourage environment friendly method of organic farming. Bellamy can take leverage of the natural resources and organic farmland of Australia to manufacture its products. Legal factors The food products of Bellamy are for babies and therefore the company has to abide by the health and safety standards of Australian Food Authority and consumer laws of the Australian government should be taken into account by Bellamy while manufacturing its products. The laws of Australian Government are transparent and Bellamy should set up its pricing policy keeping in mind the consumer laws of the government. The company should provide workplace safety to the employees of agricultural sector and organic farming sector and cater to their health conditions and wages at work which will enable the company to abide by the labor laws. Other laws of the Australian government relate to fair competition in the local market and tax policies should also be taken into account (Hemmerling, Hamm and Spiller 2015). From the above PESTEL analysis it can be concluded that the Australian government provides favorable conditions for Bellamy for sustaining its business. Porters five forces Michael Porter has analyzed five forces of market to critically examine the attractiveness of an industry and the competitive forces prevailing in the industry. The five forces of Michael Porter are bargaining power of consumers, bargaining power of suppliers, threats of new entrants, threat of substitutes and industry rivalry. These five forces can enable Bellamy to contemplate on its strength and weakness for sustaining its business. Threat of Substitutes The demand for organic food products for infants and children is huge and there are few substitutes of products of Bellamy which are meets the standards of Australian Food Authority. The company has a good product line with products ranging from cereals, pastas to specially formulated milk products for children. Therefore, Bellamy faces relatively low threat from substitute of its products however products from global giants like NESTLE which also specializes in food products brands for children can be threat for Bellamy. However the company has been pioneer in organic food brand and has a high brand value which enables Bellamy to combat the threat of substitutes (Bellamy 2014). Bargaining power of Supplier Organic farming requires special techniques for soil and crop health. The organic farming sector is dependent on organic fertilizers and special attention should be paid to crop health, nutrient availability and soil structure. So bargaining power of Suppliers of Bellamy is relatively high as the company is dependent on its suppliers for their technical know-how and switching costs of suppliers can be relatively high for the company. Bargaining power of consumers- Consumers are willing to pay best prices to buy the nutritional food products if Bellamy and they do not negotiate with the price of food products for their children. There are very few players in the market who produce organic food products for children. Consumers rely on the pioneer brand Bellamy for its high-quality food products and are and the company has high perceived value on the minds of consumers (Grunert, Hieke and Wills 2014). The bargaining power of consumers is relatively low in Australia as consumers do not have options to switch from one brand to another due to few players of organic food products for children in the market. Customers are willing to pay a premium price to buy products of Bellamy both in Australia and in global markets. The threat of new-entrants Bellamy faces the low threat from new entrants in the market. The entry barriers in the organic food industry are relatively high due to high investment in the operational and distributional costs ( Flammer 2015).A company willing to make its entry into the market of producing organic food products has to invest the huge amount of money in Supply Chain and Logistics Management to build an efficient network of suppliers and distributors. Marketing and promotional costs for the company will also be high as the company has to invest a lot of money to build its brand image in the mind of customers (Cairns et al 2013). In the organic food market for children, consumers tend to rely on well-established pioneer brands which already possess the technical know-how for manufacturing the nutritious organic food products of children and consumers will not prefer to experiment with new brands as it can pose risk to the health of their children (Grimm, Hofstetter and Sarkis 2014). Therefore, Bella my has the advantage of creating high customer perceived value by providing high-quality products to consumers and do not have to worry much about threats from new entrants. Market Rivalry Bellamy faces medium market competition from global giants like NESTLE and from local players like Only Organic. Other competitors of the company are Blackmores, Devondale, Aussie baby. The company has the advantage of being the leading organic food manufacturer and has a well-developed product line (Dembek and Bhakoo 2016). However, the competition in the market can be combated by Bellamy by continuously upgrading its technological know-how. It can be concluded from the above Porter's five forces analysis that the bargaining power of suppliers for Bellamy is relatively high and market rivalry is medium-high which can pose threat for Bellamy. However, the threat of substitutes, the threat of new entrants and bargaining power of suppliers are low for Bellamy and these factors can provide the opportunity for the company to sustain its business (Reim, Parida and rtqvist 2015). The purpose of this analysis Doing this analysis is very essential for any and every organization in order to know the environment or the conditions in which the industry is working (Markovina et al 2015). In other words, it helps the company understand the different forces that might affect the profitability and it is according to this that the organization sets its goals and strategies accordingly. In the same way, it has also been very beneficial for Bellamy company to understand its competitive environment through this Porters five forces and in turn, it has helped them to set their strategies accordingly (Child and Hsieh 2014). It enabled them to know the competition existing in the market and the strategies that they need to take in order to overcome that competition. Apart from this, it also enabled them to know the bargaining power of their consumers, the threat of entrance of new firms etc, as a result of which, they could conclude that they have to constantly keep on diversifying their products and kee p on updating their technological know-how so that they can satisfy the changing demand of the consumers as they know that their buyers can easily shift onto other alternatives as they are available in plenty in the market. This interconnectedness between the macro-environmental forces and the competitive forces helps the company to formulate its overall strategic planning that might turnout to be profitable for the organization in the long run (Lee and Yun, Z.S., 2015). It enabled Bellamy company to know about both it's internal as well as the external factors on which it needs to work in order to overcome all the loopholes and increase their profitability in the long run. The company realized that it needs to focus on the external factors like demographic environment, natural forces, technological forces, political forces and also the social and cultural forces. This is a point of prime advantage for this company since it is very much well aware of the target market (Knox 2017). In other words, Bellamy company is mainly dealing in the baby organic food products and for this reason (Ladhari and Tchetgna 2015), they are saved from the time that would otherwise have been wasted in dividing the population according to age, gender, location, race and occupation (Reim, Parida and rtqvist 2015). As far as the economic factor is concerned, Bellamy has realized that in this present scenario, there is a high demand for top quality baby food products and people are ready to spend the good amount of their income in order to get a good health for their babies(Wang 2016). However, Bellamy has to constantly keep on upgrading the quality of their products in order to meet with the ever-increasing and changing demands of their customers (Wang 2016). Natural forces are perhaps one of the most important aspects that Bellamy company needs to focus upon because their main motive is to provide quality food to their customers, in other words, their main objective is to supply fresh, healthy and safe food to the babies of their customers. This company guarantees that they use all the best quality and fresh, natural input products for the production of their items. They take all the locally cultivated products for the production of their goods and services, as a result of which any change in the natural environment might affect their production a great deal, any natural calamities will also affect their production and might, in turn, hamper their sales and their profit margins. Hence, they always need to keep sufficient backup or alternatives at hand so that their production does not get affected even if there is shortage of input materials but they must under no circumstance compromise with the quality of the product The increase in health consciousness which seems to be the major driving force for this industry. The new products and market research are mainly based on the long-term infant development, and many products among this are also very much nutritious and added with special health and nutrient value to increase the appeal (Schaltegger and Burritt 2014). The return of many expecting mothers into labor pain followed by childbirth has also resulted in increasing the sales of the company. Parents are not willing to compromise at all with the health of their children and want to give them the apt, healthy and fresh nutrients right from their childhood in order to give them a fresh, fit, healthy and a bright future, and as the market trend suggests, the parents are not willing to cut down expenditures on baby food.(Maestre et al 2014). Just like the many other tools pestle, SWOT etc are used to examine the internal and external sources of a company, VRIO is one such model that is used to examine the internal sources of a company V (valuable) - The first and the foremost thing that this framework helps to follow is that whether the resource adds value by allowing a firm to exploit the opportunities or defend against threats. As far as the Bellamy Organic Food is concerned, it really helps to add value because it mainly operates in baby food products. This is something which is of a great demand in todays scenario and it has been seen that all the customers in general and the parents in particular are very much alert about the health of their children a naturally have a high demand for the best available baby food products in the market and by allowing good amount if discounts on their products, Bellamy is also able to attract a strong customer base. R (rare)- having resources which are uncommon and rare will obviously help in attracting more number of customers and this in turn will give competitive advantage to the company. But at the same time, if the resources used by the company are common and easily available, then there can be a good amount of competition as the customers can easily switch over to the other alternatives that are available in plenty in the market. Costly to imitate As the resources used by this company are rare, valuable and very costly to copy or imitate, it helps the firm to achieve competitive advantage. There are like three reasons that makes the resources had to imitate, they are Historical conditions. Resources that were developed due to historical events or over a long period usually are costly to imitate. Causal ambiguity. Companies cant identify the particular resources that are the cause of competitive advantage. Social Complexity. The resources and capabilities that are based on companys culture or interpersonal relationships. As history has it, parents will always be very much concerned about the health and well being of their kids and it is for this reason that Bellamy started producing their products with the best available resources. If the resources that are used are uncommon in nature, they will have a good competitive advantage and the other companies will obviously find it tough to identify the particular resources. It also helps in developing a interpersonal relationship between the company and the customers as the customers have vested their faith in Bellamy products for the well being of their babies. Organized to capture values Bellamy Company has been able to organize its management system, its policies, and processes and also the organizational structure and culture so that it is able to fully realize the value of its management system, and it has also been able to realize fully the potential of its resources and capabilitie. Conclusion hus, it is concluded from this paper that Bellamy Company has performed well in the past few years as is reflected by its sales revenue, which is evident by the fact that they have been able to satisfy the needs and demands of their consumers. But at the same time, there is also the threat of the entrance of new firms and the customers can easily switch over to other alternatives as there are plenty, operating in the market. This makes it very much essential for the company to keep on upgrading itself for improving their production both in terms of quality and quantity. Reference List Armstrong, G., Adam, S., Denize, S. and Kotler, P., 2014.Principles of marketing. Pearson Australia. Bellamy, M., 2014. John Labatt Blows In and Out of the Windy City: A Case Study in Entrepreneurship and Business Failure, 18891896.Canadian Historical Review,95(1), pp.30-53. Cairns, G., Angus, K., Hastings, G. and Caraher, M., 2013. Systematic reviews of the evidence on the nature, extent, and effects of food marketing to children. A retrospective summary. Appetite,62, pp.209-215. Child, J. and Hsieh, L.H., 2014. Decision mode, information and network attachment in the internationalization of SMEs: A configurational and contingency analysis.Journal of World Business,49(4), pp.598-610. Dembek, K., Singh, P. and Bhakoo, V., 2016. A literature review of shared value: a theoretical concept or a management buzzword?. Journal of Business Ethics,137(2), pp.231-267. Epstein, M.J., Buhovac, A.R. and Yuthas, K., 2015. Managing social, environmental and financial performance simultaneously.Long-range planning,48(1), pp.35-45. Flammer, C., 2015. Does product market competition foster corporate social responsibility? Evidence from trade liberalization.Strategic Management Journal,36(10), pp.1469-1485. Grimm, J.H., Hofstetter, J.S., and Sarkis, J., 2014. Critical factors for sub-supplier management: A sustainable food supply chains perspective. International Journal of Production Economics,152, pp.159-173. Grunert, K.G., Hieke, S. and Wills, J., 2014. Sustainability labels on food products: Consumer motivation, understanding, and use. Food Policy,44, pp.177-189. Hemmerling, S., Hamm, U. and Spiller, A., 2015. Consumption behaviour regarding organic food from a marketing perspectivea literature review.Organic Agriculture,5(4), pp.277-313. Ho, J.K.K., 2014. Formulation of a systemic PEST analysis for strategic analysis.European academic research,2(5), pp.6478-6492. Knox, A., 2017. Middle Anglo-Saxon dress accessories in life and death: expressions of a worldview.Dress and Society: Contributions from Archaeology. Kraak, V.I. and Story, M., 2015. Influence of food companies' brand mascots and entertainment companies' cartoon media characters on children's diet and health: a systematic review and research needs.obesity reviews,16(2), pp.107-126. Ladhari, R. and Tchetgna, N.M., 2015. The influence of personal values on Fair Trade consumption.Journal of Cleaner Production,87, pp.469-477. Lee, H.J. and Yun, Z.S., 2015Consumers perceptions of organic food attributes and cognitive and affective attitudes as determinants of their purchase intentions toward organic food.Food quality and preference,39, pp.259-267. Lobstein, T., Jackson-Leach, R., Moodie, M.L., Hall, K.D., Gortmaker, S.L., Swinburn, B.A., James, W.P.T., Wang, Y. and McPherson, K., 2015. Child and adolescent obesity: part of a bigger picture.The Lancet,385(9986), pp.2510-2520. Lobstein, T., Jackson-Leach, R., Moodie, M.L., Hall, K.D., Gortmaker, S.L., Swinburn, B.A., James, W.P.T., Wang, Y. and McPherson, K., 2015. Child and adolescent obesity: part of a bigger picture.The Lancet,385(9986), pp.2510-2520. Lobstein, T., Jackson-Leach, R., Moodie, M.L., Hall, K.D., Gortmaker, S.L., Swinburn, B.A., James, W.P.T., Wang, Y. and McPherson, K., 2015. Child and adolescent obesity: part of a bigger picture.The Lancet,385(9986), pp.2510-2520. 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Music Final Essay Example

Music Final Paper Of the following, who is a noted woman composer of the Romantic era Amy Cheney Beach Of the following, which was NOT a major theme of Romantic writers idealized heroes of Greece and Rome The favorite subjects for the Romantic poets were love, longing, and nature Of the following, which is NOT a title for Schumanns piano works Rondos Which does NOT characterize Romantic music reserved emotions What is the form of Schumanns In the lovely month of May strophic The art song can be described as representing a union of poetry and music True A German-texted song with piano accompaniment that sets a short lyric poem is called a Lied: The mood of Schumanns In the lovely month of May is joyful and exuberant False The Romantic orchestra was the same size as the Classical orchestra False The Industrial Revolution produced less expensive musical instruments but with no technical improvements False Which is true of Schuberts Erlking It is the masterpiece of his youth It is based on the legend that whoever is touched by the king of the elves must die It presents four characters who are differentiated in the music: Franz Schubert was a thoroughly Romantic composer whose music abandoned the forms and stylistic principles of Classicism False The desire for increased expressiveness in nineteenth-century music is communicated by the composer to the performer through new descriptive terms True A song that is composed from beginning to end without repetitions of whole sections is in strophic form False Exoticism was expressed through the incorporation within a composition of folk music of ones own country False A song form in which the same melody is repeated with every stanza of text is called strophic Nineteenth-century musicians continued to be viewed by society as glorified servants False Franz Schubert composed several song cycles, including Winters Journey The first movement of the Romantic concerto often omitted the orchestra exposition True Which composer is generally considered the greatest pianist and showman of the Romantic era Liszt Of which national school of composition is Dvořà ¡k a representative Czech Although a musical nationalist, Smetana avoided getting involved with the political revolution False Amy Cheney Beach was widely recognized in her lifetime as the leading American woman composer True Which does NOT characterize the scherzo from Beachs Sonata in A minor Placed third in the four-movement cycle: Nineteenth-century Russian composers have a strong tradition of utilizing folk tales as the basis of their compositions True Liszt joined Chopin in transforming the _____ from a piano exercise into a poetic mood piece à ©tude Which of the following is LEAST likely to be an example of program music String Quartet in B-flat major Dvořà ¡ks Symphony No 9 was inspired by Goethes Faust: False Nationalism found natural expression in music, among other arts True Who was the first internationally acclaimed American composer of classical music Louis Moreau Gottschalk Of the following, who did NOT write a major concerto in the Romantic era Schubert Who is the German-born conductor who set up a concert series across the United States and also established New York Citys second professional orchestra Theodore Thomas Gottschalks The Banjo is in a modified sonata form False Pianist Clara Schumann gave the first performances of her husband Roberts important works, and also became known as a leading interpreter of the music of Brahms and Chopin True The melody of the African-American Spiritual Swing Low, Sweet Chariot is suggestive of the third theme in the first movement of Dvořà ¡ks New World Symphony: The melody of Chopins Prelude in E minor moves in disjunct motion through a wide range False Berlioz was awarded the Prix de Rome, during which time he wrote his Symphonie fantastique True The most important keyboard instrument of the Romantic period was the piano: Incidental music to a play is generally considered to be absolute music False Of the following, which does NOT describe symphony composition in the Romantic era Composers wrote more symphonies than their Classical counterparts The finale to Symphonie fantastique projects a satanic character True Franz Liszt described the style of his music, along with that of Wagner and Berlioz, as the music of the future True Mendelssohn played an important role in the revival of music by which Baroque composer Bach In the nineteenth century, where did serious American musicians complete their studies in Europe The Harlem Renaissance was an early twentieth-century movement that promoted the creative efforts of African Americans True The symphony was a new genre in the Romantic era False Clara Schumanns later creative activities were supported by the devotion of which composer Brahms A piece of program music for orchestra in one movement which, through several contrasting sections, develops a poetic idea or suggests a scene or mood is called a symphonic poem: The typical Romantic symphony has four movements True Which of the following did NOT characterize salons They were generally hosted by wealthy male aristocrats: Titles such as Prelude, Impromptu, and Intermezzo are used for short, lyric piano pieces: Which best describes the style of the third movement of Brahmss Symphony No 3 a melancholic waltz Brahmss Symphony No 3is a program symphony False Chopin spent most of his productive life in Paris: Popular music has recently become a vehicle for the voice of women composers True Which movement of a symphony is traditionally the slowest the second movement The scherzo is a lively, dancelike movement in duple meter False William Grant Still was an African-American composer who sought musical inspiration from his native heritage True One of the leitmotifs from Wagners Die Walkà ¼re is the magic fire music True The habanera is a dance song of Cuban origin True Puccinis Madame Butterfly is a tragic tale of a Japanese geisha and a U: S: naval officer: Which description best characterizes a part song a short, secular song for three or four voice parts Brahmss German Requiem was intended for performance in the Catholic Church False The focal point of Wagnerian music drama is the voice False Impressionist music is often characterized as a reaction to all of the above: Ravels art reflects the twin goals of Impressionism and Neoclassicism True Which of the following was NOT characteristic of Impressionist music accents on the first beat of each measure Which of the following statements is NOT true about Romantic choral music Only professional singers participated in nineteenth-century choruses Which of the following countries was NOT a leading opera center in the nineteenth century England Tchaikovskys Nutcracker is based on a story by E T A Hoffmann Stravinskys The Soldiers Tale is a ballet What was the name of the Paris-based Russian ballet impresario who commissioned Stravinsky to write ballets Diaghilev Singing in a chorus generally requires a different skill than playing in an orchestra True Which of the following is the Cuban dance song that Bizet set as an aria in Carmen habanera Opera provided composers with a good outlet for their interest in far-off lands True The text for Fanny Mendelssohn Hensels Under the Greenwood Tree was taken from Shakespeares As You Like It: The Waltz of the Flowers is the climax of The Nutcracker ballet True Ravel was attracted to many styles of dance music True The librettist for Verdis Otello was Boito Debussy considered Wagners music dramas to be ponderous and tedious True French poets responded to Impressionism in painting by developing a new literary style called Symbolism Debussy was much influenced by non-Western music he heard at the Paris World Exhibition of 1889 True Puccinis opera Madame Butterfly, with its Japanese melodies and pentatonic and whole-tone scales, is an example of exoticism True Ravels _____ sets texts from The Arabian Nights Shà ©hà ©razade Ballet became an independent art form in the nineteenth century True The form of How Lovely Is Thy Dwelling Place, the fourth movement of Brahmss German Requiem, is best described as A-B-A-C-A, or rondo Brahmss German Requiem has _____ movements seven In Rigoletto, Verdi turns away from tuneful melodies to heighten the dramatic action False Schumann wrote his song cycle A Poets Love during his year of song, in which he wrote hundreds of Lieder and he also married Clara (Wieck) Schumann: True The melody in twelve-tone music is called a tone row Of the following, which describes formalism Formal considerations are valued over expressive ones. What was the name of the Paris-based Russian ballet impresario who commissioned Stravinsky to write ballets Diaghilev Stravinskys The Soldiers Tale is a ballet Klangfarbenmelodie refers to a style that gives each note of a melody to a different instrument Neoclassical composers preferred absolute music and forms to program music True Stravinskys ballets all achieved immediate popularity with their audiences. False In The Royal March from Stravinskys The Soldiers Tale, the meter remains constant throughout False Bergs music owes much to the influence of Arnold Schoenberg True It is thought that Mahlers conversion to Catholicism was prompted primarily to avoid anit-Semitism in Vienna. Weberns Symphony, Opus 21, uses many contrapuntal procedures True Weberns Symphony, Opus 21, combines serial technique with traditional forms True Who composed the opera Peter Grimes Britten Bart à ³k found that eastern European folk music was based on ancient modes, unfamiliar scales,non-symmetrical rhythms. Which nineteenth-century American composer is best remembered for his popular ballads and minstrel show tunes Stephen Foster Which of the following instruments would you NOT find in a standard mariachi band clarinet Which of the following is NOT a ballet by Aaron Copland Our Town While composing in his spare time, Charles Ives made his living as an insurance executive. Shape-note notation was used to help music reading for the general public True The music of Charles Ives was very popular and performed frequently during his lifetime False William Grant Still composed the first symphony by an African American to be performed by a major American orchestra True Like Copland and Prokofiev, Revueltas wrote music for films True Which does NOT characterize the blues It is a form of African folk music. What American city is considered the birthplace of jazz New Orleans Billie Holidays song Billies Blues demonstrates ________ form 16-bar blues The principal exponent of cool jazz was trumpeter Miles Davis. What is the form of Gershwins Piano Prelude No1 : A-B-A The popular style that is characterized by vocal patter against a syncopated rhythmic accompaniment is rap. The Irish rock group of the late 1980s interested in political activism was U2. The Whos Tommy is an example of rock opera. Bernsteins West Side Story updates the feud between the Capulets and the Montagues to that between The Jets and the Sharks. The term loosely applied to various styles of Afro-Cuban dance music is Salsa. Ragtime was named for its ragged, highly syncopated rhythms and melodies True Cajuns and Creoles stem from the same ethnic background and share similar musical influences False Art rock or progressive rock was largely a British style True A new style that emerged during the 1950s that was a union of African American rhythm-blues, country western, and pop was called bebop False Rock is characterized by a strong, steady beat in a triple meter False The use of preexisting literary sources such as books and plays for the plots of musicals helped the new genre to gain maturity and permanence True New Orleans jazz depended on simultaneous improvisations by the players, which created a polyphonic texture True Big-band swing represented the dominant form of American popular music in the 1930s and 1940s True The jazz technique of playing short melodic ostinatos, or riffs, derives from African call-and-response patterns. True The musical has remained exclusively an American art form, not attempted by composers of other countries False